Sections About the Obligatory, Prophetic and Meritorious Acts of Wuḍuu’ from Matn al-Akhḍarii

( فَصْلٌ ) فَرَائِضُ  الْوُضُوءِ

A Section About the Obligatory Acts of Wuḍuu’

فَرَائِضُ  الْوُضُوءِ  سَبْعَ  :  النَّيَّةِ  وَغَسْلُ  الْوَجْهِ  وَغَسْلُ  الْيَدَيْنِ  إِلَى الْـمَـرْفَقَيْـنِ  وَمَسَحُ  الرَّأْسِ  وَغسْلُ  الرِّجْلَيْـنِ  إِلَى الْكَعْبَيْـنِ  والدَّلْكُ  وَالْفَوْرُ .

الْـفَرَائِـض (The faraa’iḍ [obligatory acts]) of الْـوُضُـوء (wuḍuu’ [minor ablution]) are seven: النِّيَّة  (an-niyyah [the intention]), غَسْـلُ‏  الْوَجْـه (ghaslu-l-wajh[the washing the face]), غَسْـلُ‏  الْـيَدَيْْـن (ghaslu-l-yadayn [washing the hands])  إلَـى الْـمَرْفَـقَيْـنِ (ila-l-marfaqayn [up to the the elbows]), مَـسْحُ‏  الرَّأْس (mas-ḥu-r-ra’s [wiping the head], غَسْـلُ‏  الرِّجْـلَيْـنِ  (ghaslu-r-rijlayn [washing the feet]  إلى الّـكَعْبَيْـنِ ila-l-kaʿbayn (up to the ankles), and الدَّلْـك  وَ‏الْـفَوْر (ad-dalk wa-l-fawr [the rubbing of each limb, one immediately after the other]).

( وَسُنَنُهُ ) غَسْلُ  الْيَدَيْنِ  إَلَى الْكَوْعَيْـنِ  عِنْدَ  الشُّرُوعِ  والْـمَـضْمَضَةُ  والاِسْتِنْشَاقُ  والاِسْتِنْثَارُ  وَرَدُّ  مَسْحِ  الرَّأْسِ  وَمَسْحُ  الأُذْنََيْنِ  وَتَـجْدِيدْ  الْـمـَاءِ  لَهُمَا وَالتَّرْتِيبُ  بَيْـنَ  الْفَرَائِضِ .

صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم ’A Section About the Acts of Wuḍuu Which are Done in Accordance with the Tradition of the  Prophet ’

السُّنَـن (The sunan [actions which are done in accordance with the tradition of the  Prophet صلّى اللّه عليه وسلّم]) of الوضوء wuḍuu’ are:  غَسْـلُ‏  الْـيَدَيْْـنِ (ghaslu-l-yadayn [washing the hands up to the wrist]) at the outset, الـْـمَضْمَضَة (al-maḍmaḍah [rinsing the mouth, while swishing water through it and spitting it out]), الاِسْـتِنْشَاق (al-istinshaaq [inhaling water up into the nostrils]), الاِسْـتِنْثَار (al-instinthaar [forcing out the water from the nose by forcefully exhaling it], مَـسْحُ‏ ‬الرَّأْس (mas-ḥu-r-ra’s [wiping over the head]) with wet hands moving from the front on the head to the back then) returning the  hands (to the front),   مَـسـْحُ‏  الأُذُنَـيْـنِ (mas-ḥu-l-udhunayn [wiping the two ears]) while renewing the water (by placing the hands back into the receptacle or at the water spout for fresh water) and التَّرْتِـيب (at-tartiib [correct order]) between the performance of each of فَرَائِض (faraa’iḍ[obligatory actions of wuḍuu’]).

وَمَنْ  نَسِيَ  فَرْضاً  مِنْ  أَعْضَائِهِ  فَإِنَّ  تَذَكَّرَهُ  بِالْقُرْبِ  فَعْلَهُ  وَمَا بَعْدَهُ  وِإنْ  طَالَ  فَعَلَهُ  وَحْدَهُ  وَأَعَادَ  مَا صَلَّى قَبْلَهُ  وَإِنْ  تَرَكَ  سُنَّةً  فَعَلَهَا وَلاَ  يُعِيدُ  الصَّلاَةَ  .

As for he who forgets to do   فَـرْضًا  مِـنْ  أَعْـضَائِـهِ  (farḍan min aʿaḍaa’ihi [an obligatory washing for one of the parts of his body]) and then remembers soon after, he should wash it and the next part(s) of the body (which are required to be washed) after it (in the sequential order of their washing).  If a length of time has elapsed (since he last performed wuḍuu’), then he should wash the forgotten part by itself and repeat the prayer he prayed before (he renewed his wuḍuu’).  Whoever has left a (part that is) sunnah (unwashed) should wash it, but he does not repeat the prayer.

وَمَنْ  نَسِيَ  لـُمْعَةٌ  غَسَلَهَا وَحْدَهَا بِنًيَّةٍ  ،  وَإِنْ  صَلَّى قَبْلَ  ذ^الِكَ  أَعَادَ  وَمَنْ  تَذَكَّرَ  الـْمَـضْمَضَةَ  والاِسْتِنْشَاقَ  بَعْدَ  أَنْ  شَرَعَ  فِي  الْوَجْهِ  فَلاَ  يَرْجِعُ  إِلَيْهِمَا حَتَّى  يُتِمَّ  وُضُوءَهُ  .

Whoever forgets to wash a small portion of a limb should wash it (that portion) alone with intention, and if he prayed before (he washed the part he missed) then he should repeat (the prayer).   Whoever remembers to do الـْـمَضْمَضَة (al-maḍmaḍah [rinsing the mouth with water]) and to do الأِسْـتِنْشَاق  (al-istinshaaq [inhaling water up into the nostrils]) only after he has begun washing his face shall not return to do those two acts until he has completed his wuḍuu’.

A Section About the The Faḍaa’il [Meritorious Acts] Acts of Wuḍuu’

( وَفَضَائِلُهُ ) التَّسْمِيَّةُ  وَالسِّوَاكُ  وَالزَّائِدُ  عَلَى  الْغَسَْلَةِ  الأُولَى فِي  الْوَجْهِ  وَالْيَدَيْنِ  وَالْبِدَايَةُ  بِـمُقَدَّمِ  الرَّأْسِ  وَتَرْتِيبُ  السُّنَـنِ  وَقِلَّةُ  الْـمَـاءِ  عَلَى الْعُضْوِ  وَتَقْدِيمُ  الْيُمْنَى عَلَى الْيُسْرَى  ،  وَيَجِبُ  تَخْلِيلُ  أَصَابِعِ  الْيَدَيْنِ  وَيَستَحَبُّ  فِي أَصَابِعِ  الرِّجْلَيْـنِ  وَيَجِبُ  تَخْلِيلُ  اللِّحْيَةِ  الْـخَفِيفَةِ  فِي  الْوُضُوءِ  دُونَ  الْكَثِيفَةِ  وَيَجِبُ  تَخْلِيلُهَا فِي  الْغُسْلِ  وَلَوْ  كَانَتْ  كَثِيفَةً  .

الْـفَضَائِـل (The faḍaa’il [meritorious acts]) of  wuḍuu’ are: التَّسْمِيَّة (at-tasmiyyah (at the beginning of wuḍuu’), السِّوَاك (as-siwaak [the use of themiswak - traditional wooden toothbrush]), the (two) additional washings of the face and hand which are added to the initial obligatory washing of them, beginning at the front of the head when wiping it, observing تَـرْتِـيبُ‏  السُّنَن (tartiibu-s-sunan (the sequential order of the Sunnah), قِـلَّةُ‏  الْـمَـاء (qillatu-l-maa’ [using the least amount of water]) عَـلَى الْـعُضْوِ (ʿalaa al-ʿuḍwi [on the limbs during the performance of wuḍuu]), تَـقْدِيمُ‏  الْـيُمْنَى عَـلَى الْيُسْـرَى (taqdiimu-l-yumnaa ʿalaa-l-yusraa [proceeding from right to left]),  تَخْـلِيلُ‏  الأَصَـابِـع (takh-liilu-l-aṣaabi’ [rubbing between the fingers of one hand with the fingers of the other hand]).  At-takh-liil (also) is recommended for the toes, تَخْـلِيلُ  اللِّحْيَةِ  الْـخَفِيفَة (Ta-kh-liilu-l-liḥ-yati-l-khafiifah [combing the fingers through a thin beard]) with water is required during the performance of wuḍuu’, and the combing of it is required during the performance of ghusl (major ablution), even if اللِّحية  (al-liḥ-yah [the beard]) is كَثِيفَة  (kathiifah [thick]).

Chapter 18 Mudawwanah – The Chapter About General Aspects of Wuḍuu’ and the Movement of the Beard

جَامِعُ الْوُضُوءِ وَتحْرِيكُ اللِّحْيَةِ

General Aspects of Wuḍuu’ and the Movement of the Beard

قَالَ‮ ‬‭:‬‮ ‬وَقَالَ‮ ‬مَالِكٌ‮ ‬‭:‬‮ ‬مَنْ‮ ‬كَانَ‮ ‬عَلَى وُضُوءٍ‮ ‬فَذَبَحَ‮ ‬فَلاَ‮ ‬يَنْتَقِضُ‮ ‬لِذَلِكَ‮ ‬وُضُوءُهُ‮ ‬،‮ ‬وَقَالَ‮ ‬مَالِك فِيمَنْ‮ ‬تَوَضَّأَ‮ ‬ثُمَّ‮ ‬حَلَقَ‮ ‬رَأْسَهُ‮ ‬إنَّهُ‮ ‬لَيْسَ‮ ‬عَلَيْهِ‮ ‬أَنْ‮ ‬يَـمْسَحَ‮ ‬رَأْسَهُ‮ ‬بِالْـمَاء ثَانِيَةً‮ ‬قَالَ‮ ‬ابْنُ‮ ‬الْقَاسِمِ‮ ‬وَبَلَغَنِي‮ ‬قَالَ‮ ‬عَبْدُ‮ ‬الْعَزِيزِ‮ ‬بْنُ‮ ‬أَبِي‮ ‬سَلَمَةَ‮ ‬أَنَّهُ‮ ‬قَالَ‮ ‬هَذَا مِنْ‮ ‬لَـحْنِ‮ ‬الْفِقْهِ

Ibn Al-Qaasim said Maalik said, “Whoever has wuḍuu’ and he does slaughtering, his wuḍuu does not become nullified because of that.  Maalik also said, concerning the person who  has performed wuḍuu’ and then cut his hair, “he is not required to wipe over his head with water a second time.” Ibn al-Qaasim said, “It has reached me that ʿAbdul Aziiz bin Abū Salamah said that he said this from understanding the fiqh.”

قَالَ‮ ‬‭:‬‮ ‬وَسَمِعْتُ‮ ‬مَالِكًا‮ ‬يَذْكُرُ‮ ‬قَوْلَ‮ ‬النَّاسِ‮ ‬فِي‮ ‬الْوُضُوءِ‮ ‬حَتَّى‮ ‬يَقْطُرَ‮ ‬أَوْ‮ ‬يَسِيلَ‮ ‬،‮ ‬قَالَ‮ ‬فَسَمِعْتُهُ‮ ‬وَهُوَ‮ ‬يَقُولُ‮ ‬‭:‬‮ ‬قَطْرًا قَطْرًا إنْكَارًا لِذَلِكَ‮ .

He (Ibn al-Qaasim) said, “I heard Maalik mention the statement of the people (of knowledge)  concerning wuḍuu until it dripped or flowed.” He said, “I heard him while he is says: قَطْرًا‮ ‬قَطْرًا  (drip drip) disapprovingly for that. ”

قَالَ‮ ‬وَقَالَ‮ ‬مَالِكٌ‮ ‬وَقَدْ‮ ‬كَانَ‮ ‬بَعْضُ‮ ‬مَنْ‮ ‬مَضَى‮ ‬يَتَوَضَّؤُنَ‮ ‬بِثُـلُثِ‮ ‬الْـمُدِّ‮.

Ibn Al-Qaasim said Maalik said, “From among those who have passed were those who performed wuḍuu’ with one-third of a mudd.”

قَالَ‮ ‬وَقَالَ‮ ‬مَالِكٌ‮ ‬‭:‬‮ ‬تُـحَرَّكُ‮ ‬اللِّحْيَةُ‮ ‬فِي‮ ‬الْوُضُوءِ‮ ‬مِنْ‮ ‬غَيْرِ‮ ‬تَخْلِيلٍ‮ ‬قَالَ‮ ‬ابْنُ‮ ‬وَهْبٍ‮ ‬إنَّ‮ ‬رَبِيعَةَ‮ ‬بْنَ‮ ‬أَبِي‮ ‬عَبْدِ‮ ‬الرَّحْمَنِ‮ ‬كَانَ‮ ‬يُنْكِرُ‮ ‬تَخْلِيلَ‮ ‬اللِّحْيَةِ‮ ‬،‮ ‬وَقَالَ‮ ‬‭:‬‮ ‬يَكْفِيهَا مَا مَرَّ‮ ‬عَلَيْهَا مِنْ‮ ‬الْـمَاءِ‮ . ‬

Ibn al-Qaasim said Maalik said, “The movement of the beard in wuḍuu’ is no more thancombing the beard with the fingers.  Ibn Wahb said, “Rabiiʿah bin Abū ʿAbdur Rahmān used to disapprove of combing the beard with the fingers.”  He said, the water that passed over it was sufficient.

وَقَالَ‮ ‬الْقَاسِمُ‮ ‬بْنُ‮ ‬مُحَمَّدٍ‮ ‬‭:‬‮ ‬أَغْرِفُ‮ ‬مَا‮ ‬يَكْفِينِي‮ ‬مِنْ‮ ‬الْـمَاءِ‮ ‬فَأَغْسِلُ‮ ‬بِهِ‮ ‬وَجْهِي‮ ‬وَأُمِرُّهُ‮ ‬عَلَى لِـحْيَتِي‮ ‬،‮ ‬مِنْ‮ ‬حَدِيثِ‮ ‬ابْنِ‮ ‬وَهْبٍ‮ ‬عَنْ‮ ‬حَيْوَةَ‮ ‬بْنِ‮ ‬شُرَيْحٍ‮ ‬عَنْ‮ ‬سُلَيْمَانَ‮ ‬بْنِ‮ ‬أَبِي‮ ‬زَيْنَبَ‮ . ‬وَقَالَ‮ ‬ابْنُ‮ ‬الْقَاسِمِ‮ ‬‭:‬‮ ‬لَسْتُ‮ ‬مِنْ‮ ‬الَّذِينَ‮ ‬يُخَلِّلُونَ‮ ‬لِـحَاهُمْ

‮

al-Qaasim ibn Muhammad said, “I scoop up enough water for me;  I wash my face with it and pass it over my beard.”  It is from the ḥadīth of Ibn Wahb who transmitted it from Ḥaywah bin Shuryaḥ who transmitted from Sulaymaan bin Abū Zaynab.  Ibn al-Qaasim said, “I am not among those who comb the beard with the fingers.”

وَقَالَ  إبْرَاهِيمُ  النَّخَعِيُّ  :  يَكْفِيهَا مَا مَرَّ  عَلَيْهَا مِنْ  الْـمَاءِ  مِنْ  حَدِيثِ  وَكِيعٍ  عَنْ  الْفُضَيْلِ  عَنْ  مَنْصُورٍ  .

Ibrahīm an-Nakhaʿii said, “The water that passes over it (the beard) is enough.”  It is from the ḥadiith of Wakiiʿ who transmitted it from al-Fuḍayl who transmitted it from Manṣuur.

قَالَ  وَكِيعٌ  وَقَالَ  ابْنُ  سِيرِينَ  :  لَيْسَ  مِنْ  السُّنَّةِ  غَسْلُ  اللِّحْيَةِ  وَأَنَّ  ابْنَ  عَبَّاسٍ  لَمْ  يَكُنْ  يُخَلِّلُ  لِـحْيَتَهُ  عِنْدَ  الْوُضُوءِ  مِنْ  حَدِيثِ  ابْنِ  وَهْبٍ  عَنْ  عَبْدِ  الْـجَبَّارِ  بْنِ  عُمَرَ

Ibn Sīrīn said, “Washing the beard is not part of the Sunnah, and Ibn ʿAbbaas did not comb his beard with his fingers when performing wuḍuu’.”  It is from the ḥadiith of Ibn Wahb who transmitted from ʿAbdul Jabbaar bin ʿUmar.

‬

 

The Beneficial Actions of Wuḍuu’ from Matn al ʿIzziyah

The Beneficial Actions of Wuḍuu’

فَضَائِلُهُ‮ ‬إِحْدَى عَشَرَةَ (The beneficial actions of wuḍuu’ are eleven):

الأُولَـى التَّسْمِيَّةُ (The first beneficial action: is to say In the Name of Allah) فِـيابْـتِدَاءِ‮ ‬الْـوُضُـوءِ (at the beginning of wuḍuu’). بِـأَنْ‮ ‬يَـقُولَ‮ ‬بِـسْمِ‮ ‬اللهِ‮ ‬ (It is to say: بِـسْمِ‮ ‬الله‮ ‬[In the Name of Allah]). وَإِذَا نَسِـيَهَا (If the one performing wuḍuu’  forgot to say  بِـسْمِ‮ ‬الله‮ ‬[In the Name of Allah]) فِـي‮ ‬ابْـتِدَائِـهِ (at the beginning of his wuḍuu’),ثُـمَّ‮ ‬تَـذَكَّرَهَا (then he remembers it) فِـي‮ ‬أَثْنَائِهِ‮ ‬(while performing it), أَتَى بِهَا  (he should say it [the Basmalah]).

الثَّانِـيَةُ‮ ‬الدُّعَـاءُ‮ ‬بَـعْدَ‮ ‬الْـفَرَاغِ‮ ‬مِـنْهُ (The second beneficial action: is to recite the supplication that is said at the completion of wuḍuu) بِأَنْ‮ ‬يَقُولَ (which the worshipper says) وَهُوَ‮ ‬رَافِعٌ‮ ‬ظَرْفَهُ (while raising his index finger) إِلَى السَّمَاءِ (to the sky):

أَشْهَدُ‮ ‬أَنْ‮ ‬لاَ‮ ‬إِلَـ^اـه الاَّ‮ ‬الله وَحْدَهُ‮ ‬لاَ‮ ‬شَريكَ‮ ‬لَهُ‮ ‬وَأَشْهَدُ‮ ‬أَنَّ‮ ‬مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ‮ ‬وَرَسُولُهُ‮ ‬اللَّهُمَّ‮ ‬اجْعَلْنِي‮ ‬مِنَ‮ ‬التَّوَابِينَ‮ ‬وَاجْعَلْنِي‮ ‬مِن الْـمُتَطَهِّرِينَ‮.  ‬

I openly bear witness that there is no God, other than Allah, Who is Alone without a partner for Him, and I openly bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and His messenger. Oh Allah, Place me among the repentant and place me among the purified ones.

‮ ‬الثَّالِثَةُ‮ ‬أَنْ‮ ‬لاَ‮ ‬يَـتَكَلَّمَ (The third beneficial action: is for the one who is performing wuḍuu not to talk فِي‮ ‬وُضُوئِهِ (while performing his ablution);

الرَّابِـعَةُ‮ ‬قِـلَّةُ‮ ‬الْـمَاءِ (The fourth beneficial action: is the use a small amount of water, بِلاَ‮ ‬حَدٍّ (but without limits), كَـالْغُسْـلِ similar to ghusl. مَـعَ‮ ‬إِحْـكَامِـهِمَا (with the rules for both of them [wuḍuu’ or ghusl]) إتْـقَانِـهِمَا (being exactly the same).

الْـخَامِـسَةُ السِّوَاكِ (The fifth beneficial action: is to use of siwaak) بِـعُودٍ (with a small stick)‮ ‬رَطْـبٍ (wet)  أَوْ‮ ‬يَـابِـسٍ‮ ‬(or dry). وَالأَخْـضَرُ‮ ‬أَفْـضَلُ (The green stick is the best kind) لِـغَيْرِ‮ ‬الصَّائِـمِ (for everyone except the individual who is fasting). فَإِنْ‮ ‬لَـمْ‮ ‬يَجِـدْ‮ ‬عُـودًا (If a stick is not found) فَـبِأَصْـبُعِهِ (then the finger of the person who is performing wuḍuu will suffice) أَوْ‮ ‬بِشَـيْءٍ‮ ‬خَـشِنٍ (or something course). يَسْـتَاكُ‮ ‬بِـالْـيُمْنَي ( He should brush the teeth with the right hand), وَ‮ ‬يَـكُونُ‮ ‬قَـبْلَ‮ ‬الْـوضُـوءِ (and it is done before performing wuḍuu’), وَيَـتَمَضْمَضُ (and he should rinse his mouth) بَـعْدَهُ (after it). وَإِذَا بَـعُدَ‮ ‬ (If there is a long period of time) مَـا بَـيـْنَ‮ ‬الْـوُضُـوءِ‮ ‬(between the wuḍuu and the prayer), اسْـتَاكَ (he should brush his teeth). وَإِنْ‮ ‬حَـضَرَتْ‮ ‬صًـلاَةُ‮ ‬أُخْـرَى‮ ‬(If another prayer comes in), وَهُـوً‮ ‬عَـلَى طَـهَارَةٍ (and he still has wuḍuu’), اسْـتَاكَ‮ ‬لِـلثَّانِـيَةِ (then he should brush his teeth again).

السَّادِسَةُ‮ ‬أَنْ‮ ‬يَتَوَضَّأَ (The sixth beneficial action: is to perform wuḍuu’) فِي‮ ‬مَكَانٍ‮ ‬طَاهِرٍ (in a clean place).

السَّابِِـعة أَنْ‮ ‬يَـكُونَ‮ ‬ألإنَـاءِ (The seventh beneficial action: for the one who is performing wuḍuu’ is to place the water container) عَـنْ‮ ‬يَـمِينِهِ (on his right side) إِنْ‮ ‬كَـانَ‮ ‬مَـفْتُوحًـا (if it is open).

الثَّامِـنَة أَنْ‮ ‬يُـقَدِّمَ (The Eighth beneficial action: is to start)‮  ‬غَسْـلَ‮ ‬الْـمَيَامِـنِ (by washing the right side) عَلَى الْـمَيَاسِرِ (before the left side).

التَّاسِعَةُ‮ ‬أَنْ‮ ‬يَبْدَأَ‮ ‬(The ninth beneficial action: is to begin) بِتُقَدِّمَ‮ ‬الرَّأْسِ (at the front of the head);

الْـعَاشِـرَةُ الـْـمَسْنُونَ‮ ‬مَـعَ‮ ‬الْـمَسْنُونِ‮  ‬(Tenth beneficial action: is to perform in sequential order the prescribed sunnah)‮ ‬كَـالْـمَضْمَضَةُ (like the rinsing of the mouth) والإسْـتِنْشاَقِ (and the inhaling of water).

الْـحَادِيَةُ‮ ‬عَشَـرَةِ‮ ‬أَنْ‮ ‬يُكَرِّرَ‮ ‬الْـمَغْسُولَ‮ ‬ثَـلاَثَـا (The eleventh beneficial action: is to repeat the washing of the the limbs of wuḍuu’ three times),  بِـخِلاَفِ‮ ‬الْـمَمْسُوحِ (with the exception of the parts that are wiped over only once), وَهُـوَ‮ ‬الرَّاسُ (and they are the head) وَأُذُنَـانِ (and the ears). فَإِنَّهُ‮ ‬لاَيَستَجِبُ (It is not recommended) تَـكْرَارُ‮ ‬مَـسْحِهِ‮ ‬(to repeat wiping over them).

تَنْبِيه – Note / Rule: 2

الزِّيَادَةُ‮ ‬عَلَى الثَّلاَثَةٍ‮ ‬غَـيرَمَشَـرُوعَـةٍ‮  ‬وَإختُلِفَ‮ ‬هَـل تُـكرَهُ‮ ‬أو تَـمْـنُوعُ‮  ‬وَلاَ‮ ‬يَسْتَحَبُّ‮ ‬إطالَةُ‮ ‬الغُرٌةِ‮ ‬وَهِيَ‮ ‬الزِّيَادَةُ‮ ‬عَلَى مَا وَجَبَ‮ ‬غَسْلُهّ‮ ‬مِنْ‮ ‬الْوَجْهِ‮ ‬وَالْيَدَيْنِ‮ ‬مَعَ‮ ‬الْـمِرْفَقَيْـنِ‮ ‬وَلاَ‮ ‬مَـسحُ‮ ‬الٌرقبَةِ‮ ‬وَلاَ‮ ‬بَأْسَ‮ ‬بِـمَسحِ‮ ‬الاَعضَاءِ‮ ‬بِالْـمَنْدِيلِ‮ ‬

الزِّيَـادَةُ‮ ‬عَـلَى الثَّلاَثَـةٍ (An increase above three washings) غَـيرَمَشَـرُوعَـةٍ (is not correct) وَإخْـتُلِفَ (and it has been debated) هَـل تُـكرَهُ‮ ‬أو تَـمْـنُوعُ (as to whether it disliked or prohibited?) قَـوْلاَنِ‮ ‬مَـشْهُورَانِ (The two are well known debates). إطالَـةُ‮ ‬الغُرٌةِ (The lengthening of the blaze) وَلاَ‮ ‬يَسْـتَحَبُّ‮ ‬ (is not recommended). وَهِيَ‮ ‬الزِّيَـادَةُ (It is to go beyond) عَـلَى مَا وَجَبَ‮ ‬غَسْـلُهُ (what is required of the person performing wuḍuu’ while washing) مِـنْ‮ ‬الْـوَجْـهِ (the face) وَالْـيَدَيْنِ (and the hands) مَـعَ‮ ‬الْـمِرْفَـقَيْـنِ (up to and including the elbows). وَلاَ‮ ‬مَـسحُ‮ ‬الٌـرقبَةِ (The neck should not be wiped), وَلاَ‮ ‬بَـأْسَ (but there is no objection) بِـمَسحِ‮ ‬الاَعْـضَاءِ (to wiping the limbs) بِـالْـمَنْدِيلِ (with the handkerchief).

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Chapter 17 Mudawwanah – The Chapter About Wiping the Water from Wuḍuu’ With a Handkerchief

مَسْحِ‮ ‬الْوُضُوءِ‮ ‬بِالْـمِنْدِيلِ

The Chapter About Wiping the Water from Wuḍuu’ With a Handkerchief

قَالَ‮ ‬‭:‬‮ ‬وَقَالَ‮ ‬مَالِكٌ‮ ‬‭:‬‮ ‬لاَ‮ ‬بَأْسَ‮ ‬بِالْـمَسْحِ‮ ‬بِالْـمِنْدِيلِ‮ ‬بَعْدَ‮ ‬الْوُضُوءِ‮ ‬،‮ ‬قَالَ‮ ‬ابْنُ‮ ‬وَهْبٍ‮ ‬عَنْ‮ ‬زَيْدِ‮ ‬بْنِ‮ ‬الْـحُبَابِ‮ ‬عَنْ‮ ‬أَبِي‮ ‬مُعَاذٍ‮ ‬عَنْ‮ ‬ابْنِ‮ ‬شِهَابٍ‮ ‬عَنْ‮ ‬عُرْوَةَ‮ ‬بْنِ‮ ‬الزُّبَيْرِ‮ ‬عَنْ‮ ‬عَائِشَةَ‮ ‬أَنَّ‮ ‬رَسُولَ‮ ‬اللَّهِ‮ ‬صَلَّى اللَّهُ‮ ‬عَلَيْهِ‮ ‬وَسَلَّمَ‮ ‬كَانَتْ‮ ‬لَهُ‮ ‬خِرْقَةٌ‮ ‬يَنْتَشِفُ‮ ‬بِهَا بَعْدَ‮ ‬الْوُضُوءِ‮

Ibn al-Qaasim said Maalik said, “Its OK to wipe one’s self with a handkerchief after wuduu’.”  Ibn Wahb said after transmitting from Zayd bin al-Hubaab who transmitted from Abū Muʿaadh who transmitted from Ibn Shihaab who transmitted from ʿUrwah bin az-Zubayr who tramsmitted from ʿAa’ishah that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلّم used to have a cloth which he used to dry himself with after performing wuḍuu’.

The Sunnah Actions of Wuḍuu’ from Matn al ʿIzziyah

The Sunnah Actions of Wuḍuu’

وَسُـنَـنُهُ (The actions of wuḍuu’ that follow the example of Prophet) ثَـمَانِـةٌ (are eight). الأُولَـى‮ ‬غَسْـلُ‮ ‬الْـيَدَيْـنِ‮ ‬(The first sunnah is washing the hands)  قَبْلَ‮ ‬إِذْخَالِهِمَا فِي‮ ‬الإِنَـاءِ (before putting them into the water container) وَيَـنْوِي‮  ‬بِغَسْـلِهِمَا (and the one performing wuḍuu’  should make the intention to wash them) التَّعَبُّدَ‮ ‬عَـلَى حِـدَتِـهَا (for the purposes of  worship only).

الثَّانِـيَةُ‮ ‬الْـمَضْمَضَةُ The second sunnah is rinsing the mouth. وَهِـيَ‮ ‬إِدْخَـالُ‮ ‬الْـمَاءِ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬الْـفَمِ‮ ‬(It is the action of putting water into the mouth) ثُـمَّ‮ ‬يُـخَضْخِضُهُ (then swishing it around)‮ ‬يـَـمُجُهُ (and spitting it out).

الثَّالِثَةُ‮ ‬الإسْتِنْشَاقُ (The third sunnah is inhaling water).  وَهُوَ‮ ‬جَذْبُ‮ ‬الْـمَاءِ‮ ‬(It is drawing up water) بِنَفسِهِ‮ ‬لِدَاخِلِ‮ ‬الأَنْفِ (in order to cause it enter into the nose).

‮ ‬الرَّابِـعَةُ‮ ‬الإسْـتِنْثَارُ (The fourth sunnah is blowing out the water) وَهُوََ‮ ‬دَفْعُ‮ ‬الـْمَاءِ (and it is forcing out the water) مِـنْ‮ ‬أَنْـفِهِ‮ ‬بِـنَفْسِهِ (from his nose)  مَـعَ‮ ‬جَـعْلِ‮ ‬السَّبَّابَـة (by placing the index finger) وَالإبْـهَام (and the thumb) مِنْ‮ ‬يَـدِه الْيُسْـرَى (from the left hand) عَـلَ‮ ‬الأَنّـفِ (on top of the nose). وَيُـبَالِـغُ‮ ‬غَـيْرُ‮ ‬صَـائِـمِ‮ ‬(Everyone except the individual who is fasting should exert himself) فِـي‮ ‬الْـمَضْمَضَةُ‮ ‬وَ‮ ‬الإسْـتِنْشَاقُ‮ ‬(in the rinsing the mouth and inhaling water into the nose). وَالأَفْـضَلُ‮ ‬أَنْ‮ ‬يَـتَمََضْمَضَ (It is best to rinse the mouth) بِـثَلاَثِ‮ ‬غَـرَفَـاتٍ‮ ‬(with three handfuls of water) ثُـمَّ‮ ‬يَسْـتَنْشِقَ (and inhale)  بِـثَلاَثِ‮ ‬غَـرَفَـاتٍ (three handfuls of water).

الْـخَامِـسةُ‮ ‬مَـسْحُ‮ ‬الأُذْنَـيـْنِ (The fifth sunnah is wiping the two ears, both) ظَـاهِرِهِـمَا (the outside of them) وَبَـاطِـنِهِمَا (and the inside of them) بِـأَنْ‮ ‬يَـدْخُـلَ‮ ‬سَـبَّابَـتَيْهِ (by the worshipper putting his index fingers  فِـي‮ ‬صِـمَاخَـيْهِ (in his ear canals) وَيَـجْعَلَ‮ ‬إِبْـهَامَـيْهِ (and placing his thumb) عَلَى ظَاهِرِهِمْ (on the outside of them).

السَّادِسَةُ‮ ‬تَـجْدِيدُ‮ ‬الـْـمَاءِ (The sixth sunnah is to fresh the water) لِـمَسْحُ‮ ‬الأُذُنَيْـنِ (used for wiping over the ears).

السَّابِـعةُ رَدُّ‮ ‬الْيَدَيْن (The seventh sunnah is returning the two hands back to their starting position) فِـي‮ ‬مَسْحُ‮ ‬الرَّأْسِ (when wiping the head).

الثَّامِـنَةُ‮ ‬تَرْتِيبُ‮ ‬فَرَائِضِهِ The eight sunnah is to maintain the correct order of the obligatory actions of wuḍuu’.

تَنْبِيه – Note / Rule: 1

مَنْ‮ ‬تَرَكَ‮ ‬فَرْضًا مِنْ‮ ‬فَرَائِضِ‮ ‬الْوَُضُوءِ‮ ‬فَإِنَّهُ‮ ‬يَأْتِي‮ ‬بِهِ‮ ‬ثُمَّ‮ ‬يُعِيدُ‮ ‬الصَّلاَةَ‮ ‬وَ‮ ‬تَرَكَ‮ ‬سُنَّةً‮ ‬فَإِنَّهُ‮ ‬لاَ‮ ‬يُعِيدُ‮ ‬الصَّلاَةَ‮ ‬وَيَفْعَلُ‮ ‬تِلْكَ‮ ‬السُّنَّةَ‮ ‬لِـمَا‮ ‬يَستَقْبَلُ‮ ‬مِنَ‮ ‬الصَّلَوَاتِ‮

مَنْ‮ ‬تَرَكَ‮ ‬فَرْضًا مِنْ‮ ‬فَرَائِضِ‮ ‬الْوَُضُوءِ (Whoever omits one of the obligatory acts of wuḍuu’), ‮ ‬فَإِنَّهُ‮ ‬يَأْتِي‮ ‬بِهِ (should do it), ثُـمَّ‮ ‬يُـعِيدُ‮ ‬الصَّلاَةَ (then repeat the prayer), وَ‮ ‬تَرَكَ‮ ‬سُنَّةً (and whoever omits a sunnah act of wuḍuu’), ‮ ‬فَإِنَّهُ‮ ‬لاَ‮ ‬يُـعِيدُ‮ ‬الصَّلاَةَ‮ ‬(does not repeat the prayer), وَيَـفْعَلُ‮ ‬تِـلْكَ‮ ‬السُّنَّةَ (but he should do that sunnah) لِـمَا‮ ‬يَستَقْبَلُ‮ ‬مِنَ‮ ‬الصَّلَوَاتِ‮ ‬ (for the next prayer coming).

The Obligatory Actions of Wuḍuu’ from Matn al ʿIzziyah

The Obligatory Actions of Wuḍuu’

فصل – Section:

فَـرَائِـضُ‮ ‬الوُضُـوء (The obligatory actions of wuḍuu’) سَـبْعَةٌ (are seven):   الأُولىَى النِّيَّةُ (The first obligation is the intention); وَهِـيَ‮ ‬القَصْدُ‮ ‬بِـالْـقَلْبِ‮ ‬(it is the intention with the heart), فَيَنْوِي‮ ‬بِـالْـقَلْبِ (and so he [the worshiper] intends with his heart) عِـنْدَ‮ ‬غسْلِ‮ ‬وَجْهِهِ (to wash his face) فَرْضَ‮ ‬الْوُضُوءِ (as an obligatory action of wuḍuu’), أَوْ‮ ‬رَفْـعَ‮ ‬الـحَـدَثِ (or to remove the impurities) أَوِ‮ ‬اسْـتِبَاحَـةِ‮ ‬مَـا‮ ‬(or to make permissible) كَـانَ‮ ‬الْـحَـدَثُ‮ ‬مَـانِـعًا مِـنْهُ (what the impurity prevented from being performed).

الثَّانِـيَّةُ‮ ‬غَسْـلُ‮ ‬جَـمِيعِ‮ ‬الوَجْـحِ (The second obligation is to wash the entire face) وَحَدَّهُ‮ ‬طُولاً‮ ‬ (and its limits lengthwise), مِـنْ‮ ‬مَـنَابِـت شَعْرِ‮ ‬الرَّأْسِ‮ ‬الـمُتَادِ‮ ‬(from the roots of the hair of the normal head), إِلى آخِرِ‮ ‬الذَّقَـن‮ ‬(to end of the chin)‮ ‬وَعَرْضًا مَا بَيْنَ‮ ‬الأُذُنَـيْـن (and a span of what is between the two ears).‮ ‬وَيَـتَفَقَّدُ‮ ‬فِي‮ ‬غَسْلِهِ‮ ‬أَسَـارِير جَبْهَـتِه (The one performing wuḍuu’ should pay attention to the lines of his forehead during his washing).  وَهِـي‮ ‬التَّكَامِـشُ (They are the which part that becomes wrinkled) فِـي‮ ‬الْـجَبْهَـتِهِ (on the forehead). ‮ ‬وَظَـاهِـر الشَّفَتَيْـنِ (The outer part of the lips [are also included in the washings]), وَمَا بَـيْـنَ‮ ‬الـمِنْخَـرِينِ (and what is between the two nostrils), تَخْـلِيلُ‮ ‬شَـعْرِِ‮ ‬اللِّحْيَةِ‮ ‬الْـخَفِيفِ (as well as combing the fingers through the thin hairs of the beard),  وَغَسْـلُ‮ ‬مَـا طَـالَ‮  ‬ (and what grows long) مِن اللِّـحْيَةِ‮ ‬الْكَشِيفِ (from a thick beard).

اللثَّالِـثَةُ‮ ‬غَسْـلُ‮ ‬الْـيَدَينِ (The third obligation is to wash the hands) ‮ ‬مَعَ‮ ‬الـمَرْفَـقَيْـنِ (up to the elbows)  وَيَجِبُ‮ ‬تَخْـلِيلُ‮ ‬أَصَـابِـهِمَا (and combing between the fingers of both hands is also required).

الرَّابِـعَةُ‮ ‬مَسْحُ‮ ‬جَمِيعِ‮ ‬الرَّأْسِ (The fourth obligation is to wipe the entire head), وَ‮ ‬أَوَّلُهُ‮ ‬مِنْ‮ ‬مَبْدَإِ‮ ‬الْـوَجْـهِ (The wiping begins at the top of the face), وَآخِـرِهِ‮ ‬مُنْتَهَــى الـجُـمْجُمَة (and ends at the base of the skull).

وَمَـنْ‮ ‬تَـوَضَّأَ‮ ‬(Whoever performs (ritual ablution), ثُـمَّ‮ ‬قَـلَّمَ‮ ‬أَظَـافِرُهُ (then (trims) ‮ ‬أَوْ حَـلَقَ‮ ‬قَـرَأْسِـهِ (or cuts his hair), فَـإنَّهُ‮ ‬لاَ‮ ‬يُعِيدُ‮ ‬غَسْـلَ‮ ‬مَوْضِعِ‮ ‬التَّقْلِيمِ (shall not re-wash  the area that has been trimmed) وَلاَ‮ ‬مَـسْحَ‮ ‬الرَّأْسِ (nor repeat the wiping of the head). وَاخْـتِلَاف (There is  a difference of opinion however), إِذَا حَـلََقَ‮ ‬لِـحْـيَتِهِ (about if he cuts his beard)‮ ‬بَـعْدَ‮ ‬الْـوُضُـوِءِ (after performing ablution). فَـقِيلَ (It has been said [by some of the scholars]), يُـعِيدُ‮ ‬غَسْـلَ‮ ‬مَوْضِـعِهَا‮ ‬ (“he should re-wash the area”) وَقِيِلَ (and it is said [by others]), لاَ‮ ‬يُـعِيدُهُ (“he should not repeat it”).

الْـخَامِـسَةُ‮ ‬غَسْـلُ‮ ‬الرِّجْـلَيْـنِ (The fifth obligation is to wash both feet) مَـعَ‮ ‬الكَعْبَيْـنِ (along the ankles). وَهُـمَا العَظْمَانِ النَّاتِـئَانِ (The ankles are the two protruding bones) طَـرَفَـي‮ ‬السَّافَـيْـنِ (on the lower part of the legs).  ‮ ‬وَنَدِبَ‮ ‬تَـخْـلِيلُ‮ ‬أَصَـابِـهِمَا (combing between the toes of both of them [the feet] is also required).

السَّادِسَةُ‮ ‬الدَّلْـكُ (The sixth obligation is rubbing). وَهُـوَ‮ ‬إمْرَارُ‮ ‬الْيَدِ (It is the passing of the hand)  عَـلَى العُضْوِ (over the limb) مَـعَ‮ ‬الْـمَاءِ (with water). وَلاَ‮ ‬يُشْـتَرُط (It is not a requirement) مُقَارَنَتُهُ (that the rubbing of the limbs be accompanied) لِلصَّبِّ (by pouring water).

السَّابِـعَةُ‮ ‬الـمُوَالَاةُ (The seventh obligation is continuity of action). وَهَوَ‮ ‬أَنْ‮ ‬يَعْمَلَ‮ ‬الوُضُـوء كُـلِّهِ (It means: to perform all the parts of wuḍuu’), فِـي‮ ‬فَـوْرٍ‮ ‬وَاحِـدٍ (one directly behind the other) بِـغَيْرِ‮ ‬تَفْرِيقٍ‮ ‬مُـتَفَاحِـشٍ‮  ‬(without excessive breaks between each action) مَعَ‮ ‬الذِّكْـرِ‮ ‬وَ القَدْرَةِ (accompanied by mental capacity and physical capability).

Chapter 16 Mudawwanah – The Chapter Concerning the Person Whose Wuḍuu’ is Deficient or He Forgets of His Wuḍuu’ or Ghusl

فِي‮ ‬الَّذِي‮ ‬يَعَجَزَهُ‮ ‬عَنْهُ‮ ‬الْوُضُوءُ‮ ‬أَوْ‮ ‬ينَسِيَ‮ ‬بَعْضَ‮ ‬وُضُوئِهِ‮ ‬أَوْ‮ ‬غُسْلِهِ‮ ‬

The Chapter Concerning the Person Whose Wuḍuu’ is Deficient or He Forgets Some of His Wuḍuu’ or Ghusl

قَالَ‮ ‬وَقَالَ‮ ‬مَالِكٌ‮ ‬فِيمَنْ‮ ‬تَوَضَّأَ‮ ‬فَفَرَغَ‮ ‬مِنْ‮ ‬بَعْضِ‮ ‬الْوُضُوءِ‮ ‬وَبَقِيَ‮ ‬بَعْضُهُ‮ ‬فَقَامَ‮ ‬لأَِخْذِ‮ ‬الْـمَاءِ‮ ‬فَقَالَ‮ ‬إنْ‮ ‬كَانَ‮ ‬قَرِيبًا فَأَرَى أَنْ‮ ‬يَبْنِيَ‮ ‬عَلَى وُضُوئِهِ‮ ‬وَإِنْ‮ ‬تَطَاوَلَ‮ ‬ذَلِكَ‮ ‬وَتَبَاعَدَ‮ ‬أَخْذُهُ‮ ‬الْـمَاءَ‮ ‬وَجَفَّ‮ ‬وُضُوءُهُ‮ ‬فَأَرَى أَنْ‮ ‬يُعِيدَ‮ ‬الْوُضُوءَ‮ ‬مِنْ‮ ‬أَوَّلِهِ‮ ‬

Ibn al-Qaasim said Maalik said concerning the person who performs wuḍuu’ and then part of the wuḍuu’ becomes lost and part of it is preserved, and so he goes to get water, he (Maalik said), “If it (the wuḍuu’) has been performed recently, I am of the opinion that he should restore what was lost to his wuḍuu’, however if a long time has passed when he goes to use the water and the wuḍuu which he has performed has become dry, then I am of the opinion that he should repeat the wuḍuu’ from the beginning. ”

 

قَالَ‮ ‬ابْنُ‮ ‬الْقَاسِمِ‮ ‬أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ‮ ‬اغْتَسَلَ‮ ‬مَنْ‮ ‬جَنَابَةٍ‮ ‬أَوْ‮ ‬حَائِضٌ‮ ‬اغْتَسَلَتْ‮ ‬فَبَقِيَتْ‮ ‬لُـمْعَةٌ‮ ‬مِنْ‮ ‬أَجْسَادِهِمَا لَمْ‮ ‬يُصِبْهَا الْـمَاءُ‮ ‬أَوْ‮ ‬تَوَضَّأَ‮ ‬فَبَقِيَتْ‮ ‬لُـمْعَةٌ‮ ‬مِنْ‮ ‬مَوَاضِعِ‮ ‬الْوُضُوءِ‮ ‬حَتَّى صَلَّيَا وَمَضَى الْوَقْتُ‮ ‬،‮ ‬قَالَ‮ ‬‭:‬‮ ‬إنْ‮ ‬كَانَ‮ ‬إنَّمَا تَرَكَ‮ ‬اللُّمْعَةَ‮ ‬عَامِدًا أَعَادَ‮ ‬الَّذِي‮ ‬اغْتَسَلَ‮ ‬غُسْلَهُ‮ ‬وَاَلَّذِي‮ ‬تَوَضَّأَ‮ ‬وُضُوءَهُ‮ ‬وَأَعَادُوا‮ ‬الصَّلاَةَ‮ ‬وَإِنْ‮ ‬كَانُوا إنَّمَا تَرَكُوا ذَلِكَ‮ ‬سَهْوًا فَلْيَغْسِلُوا تِلْكَ‮ ‬اللُّمْعَةَ‮ ‬وَلْيُعِيدُوا الصَّلاَةَ‮ ‬،‮ ‬فَإِنْ‮ ‬لَمْ‮ ‬يَغْسِلُوا ذَلِكَ‮ ‬حِينَ‮ ‬ذَكَرُوا ذَلِكَ‮ ‬فَلْيُعِيدُوا الْوُضُوءَ‮ ‬وَالْغُسْلَ‮ ‬وَهُوَ‮ ‬قَوْلُ‮ ‬مَالِكٍ‮ ‬

Ibn al-Qaasim said, “Whenever a man performs ghusl because of جَـنَابَـةٍ (major impurity) or حَـائِـضٌ (menstruating woman) performs ghusl and a part of their body remains without water being poured over it or they performed wuḍuu’ and some of the places of wuḍuu’ remains untouched until after ṣalaah and the time has passed,”  he said, “if he left out the area intentionally, he should rewash the areas which he washed when he performed his ghusl and the areas he washed when he performed wuḍuu’, and they should repeat the salaah; if it is the case that they left it undone out of forgetfulness, they should wash the area and repeat the ṣalaah; if they don’t wash the area until the time they remember, then they should repeat wuḍuu’ and ghusl. ” This is what Maalik said.

قَالَ‮ ‬سَحْنُونٌ‮ ‬وَقَالَ‮ ‬رَبِيعَةُ‮ ‬بْنُ‮ ‬أَبِي‮ ‬عَبْدِ‮ ‬الرَّحْمَنِ‮ ‬فِي‮ ‬تَبْعِيضِ‮ ‬الْغُسْلِ‮ ‬مِثْلَ‮ ‬ذَلِكَ‮ . ‬وَقَالَ‮ ‬ابْنُ‮ ‬الْـمُسَيِّبِ‮ ‬فِي‮ ‬الَّذِي‮ ‬تَرَكَ‮ ‬رَأْسَهُ‮ ‬نَاسِيًا فِي‮ ‬الْغُسْلِ‮ ‬،‮ ‬مِثْلَ‮ ‬ذَلِكَ

Saḥnuun said Rabiiʿah bin Abū Abdur Rahmān said  the same thing concerning the division of ghusl into portions.  Ibn Musayyib said the same thing in regards to the person who leaves out his head forgetfully in ghusl.

 

وَقَالَ‮ ‬مَالِكٌ‮ ‬فِي‮ ‬الَّذِي‮ ‬يَنْسَى أَنْ‮ ‬يَـمْسَحَ‮ ‬بِرَأْسِهِ‮ ‬فَذَكَرَهُ‮ ‬وَهُوَ‮ ‬فِي‮ ‬الصَّلاَةِ‮ ‬وَفِي‮ ‬لِـحْيَتِهِ‮ ‬بَلَلٌ‮ ‬،‮ ‬قَالَ‮ ‬‭:‬‮ ‬لاَ‮ ‬يُجْزِئُهُ‮ ‬أَنْ‮ ‬يَـمْسَحَ‮ ‬بِذَلِكَ‮ ‬الْبَلَلِ‮ ‬،‮ ‬قَالَ‮ ‬‭:‬‮ ‬وَلَكِنْ‮ ‬لِيَأْخُذْ‮ ‬الْـمَاءَ‮ ‬لِرَأْسِهِ‮ ‬وَلْيَبْتَدِئْ‮ ‬الصَّلاَةَ‮ ‬بَعْدَمَا‮ ‬يَـمْسَحُ‮ ‬بِرَأْسِهِ

 

Maalik said in regards to the person who forgets to wipe over his head and remembers it during ṣalaah and his beard is wet, he said, “he is not permitted to wipe over the moisture.”  He said, “But he should get water for his head and should start the prayer after wiping over his head.”

 

قُلْتُ‮ ‬‭:‬‮ ‬فَهَلْ‮ ‬كَانَ‮ ‬مَالِكٌ‮ ‬يَأْمُرُ‮ ‬بِأَنْ‮ ‬يَغْسِلَ‮ ‬رِجْلَيْهِ‮ ‬بَعْدَمَا‮ ‬يَـمْسَحُ‮ ‬بِرَأْسِهِ‮ ‬؟ قَالَ‮ ‬‭:‬‮ ‬إنْ‮ ‬كَانَ‮ ‬نَاسِيًا وَخَفَّ‮ ‬وُضُوءُهُ‮ ‬فَلاَ‮ ‬يَكُونُ‮ ‬عَلَيْهِ‮ ‬إلاَّ‮ ‬مَسْحُ‮ ‬رَأْسِهِ

 

I (Saḥnuun) said, “Did Maalik used to order the washing of one’s feet after wiping the head?”  He said, “If it was forgotten and his wuḍuu’ has become dry, he only has to wipe over his head.”

The Chapter Concerning فَـرَائِضِ الْـوُضُـوءِ (The Obligatory Actions of Wuḍuu’), سُـنَـنِهِ (It’s Actions Derived From Prophet Muhammad]) and فَـضَائِـلِهِ (the Meritorious Acts of Wuḍuu’) from the Matn al Ashmaawiyyah

The Chapter Concerning فَـرَائِضِ‮ ‬الْـوُضُـوءِ (The Obligatory Actions of Wuḍuu’), سُـنَـنِهِ (It’s Actions  Derived  From Prophet Muhammad]) and فَـضَائِـلِهِ (the Meritorious Acts of Wuḍuu’).

فَـأَمَّا فَـرَائِضِ‮ ‬الْـوُضُـوء (As for the obligatory actions  of wuḍuu’), فَسَبْعَةٌ (they are seven): 1) النِّيَّة (the intention)  عِـنْدَ‮ ‬غَسْلِ‮ ‬الْوَجْهِ (which is made in conjunction with the washing of the face), 2) وَغَـسْـلُ‮ ‬الْـوَجْـه (washing of the face), 3) وَغَـسْـلُ‮ ‬يَـدَيْـنِ (washing the hands) إِلَـى مَـرفَـقَيْن (up to the elbows), 4) وَمَـسْحُ‮ ‬جَـمِيع الرَّأْس (wiping over the entire head), 5) وَغَـسْـلُ‮ ‬الرِّجْـلَيْـن (washing the feet) إلَـى الْـكَعْبَيْـنِ (up to the ankles), 6) وَالْـفَوْرُ (washing each limb one immediately after the other), 7) وَالتَّدْلِـيك (and rubbing each limb vigorously).

فَـهَـذِهِ‮ ‬سَـبْعَةٌ (These are the seven obligatory actions), لَـكِنْ‮ ‬يَـجِبُ‮ ‬عَـليْكَ (but you are required) فِي‮ ‬غَسْل وَجْهِ (when washing your face),  أَنْ‮ ‬تُخَـلَّلَ‮ ‬شَـعْرَ‮ ‬لِحْـيَتِكَ (to comb through the hair of your beard with your fingers). إِنْ‮ ‬كَـانَ‮ ‬شَـعْرُ‮ ‬الِـحْـيَةِ‮ ‬خََـفِيفًا‮ ‬(If the hair of the beard is thin)  إِنْ‮ ‬كَـانَ‮ ‬شَـعْرُ‮ ‬اللِّحْيَةِ‮ ‬خَفِيفًا تَظْهَرُ‮ ‬الْبَشَرَةُ (the skin beneath it will show). وَإِنْ‮ ‬كَـانَ‮ ‬كَـثيفًا (If the hair of the beard is thick thin),  ‮ ‬فَـلاَ‮ ‬يَـجِبُ‮ ‬عَـلَيْكَ‮ ‬تَخْـلِيلُهَا (it is not necessary for you to comb through it with the fingers). وَكَـذَ^الِـكَ (Similarly), يَـجِبُ‮ ‬عَـلَيْكَ (you are required) فِـي‮ ‬غَسْـلِ‮ ‬يَـدَيك (while washing your hands) تُخَـلَّلَ‮ ‬أَصَـا بِـعَكَ (to comb through the fingers of your hand with the fingers of the other). عَـلَى الْـمَشْهُورِ (This is in accord with what is well known in the madh-hab of Imām Mālik).

وَأَمَّا سُـنَـنُ‮ ‬الْـوُضُـوء (As for the Sunnah actions of wuḍuu’), فَثَمَانِيَةٌ (they are eight): (1) غَـسْـلُ‮ ‬يَـدَيْـنِ‮ ‬أَوْلاً (washing the hands first) إِلَـى الْـكَوْعَـيْن (up to the wrist bone), (2) وَالْـمَضْمَـضَة (rinsing the mouth with water), (3) وَالاِسْـتتِنْـشَاق (inhaling water into the nostril), (4) وَالاِسْـتِنْـثَار ( exhalation); وهُـوَ‮ ‬جَـذْبُ‮ ‬الْـمَاءِ‮ ‬مِـنَ‮ ‬الأَنْـفِ (it is forceful blowing water from the nostril), (5) وَرَدُّ‮ ‬مَـسْحِ‮ ‬الرَّأْس (repeating the wiping of the head), (6) وَمَـسْحُ‮ ‬الأُذُنَـيْـن (wiping the two ears both وَبَـاطِـنِهِـمَا (on the outside of them) and ظَـاهِـرِهِـمَا (the inside of them), (7) وَتَـجْـدِيدُ‮ ‬الْـمَاء (renewing the water) for both ears, (8) وَتَـرْتِـيبُ‮ ‬فَرَائِـدِهِ (maintaining correct order in performing the farḍ actions of wuḍuu’).

وَأَمَّا  فَـضَائِـلِهِ (As for the meritorious actions of wuḍuu’) فَسَـبْعَةٌ (they are seven): 1) التَّسْمِيَّةُ (Basmalah – Bismi-l-laahi-r-Rahmaani-r-Rahiim which said at the beginning of wuḍuu’, 2)   وَالْـمَوْضِـعُ‮ ‬الطَاهِـرُ‮ ‬(a clean area) for performing prayer, 3) وَقِـلَّةُ‮ ‬الْـمَاءِ‮ ‬بِـلاَ‮ ‬حَدٍّ (using a small amount of water without a limit), 4) وَوَضْـعُ‮ ‬الإنَـاءِ‮ ‬عَـلَى الْـيَمِين (placing  the  water  container  on  the  right) إِنْ‮ ‬كَانَ‮ ‬مَفْتُوحًا (if  it  is  open), 5) وَالْغَسْـلَةُ‮ ‬الثَّانِـيَّة والثَّالِـثَة ( the second and third washing of the limbs) إِذَا أَوْعَبَ‮ ‬بِالأُولَ (after having done it once), 6) وَالْـبَدْءُ‮ ‬بِـمُقَدَّمِ‮ ‬الرَّأْسِ (beginning at the front of the head), 7) وَالسِّوَاك (the siwaak). وَاللَّهُ‮ ‬أَعْلَمُ (Allah is the Best Knower).

The Chapter About أَقْسَام الْـمِيَاهِ (the Kinds of Water) That Can Be Used To Perform Wuḍuu’ from Matn Al Ashmaawiyyah

The Chapter About أَقْسَام الْـمِيَاهِ (the Kinds of Water) That Can Be Used To Perform Wuḍuu’

اعْـلَمْ (Know) – وَفََّـقَكَ‮ ‬اللَّهُ (May Allah, Exalted is He grant you success) – أَنَّ‮ ‬الْـمَاءَ‮ ‬عَـلَى قِـسْمَيْـنِ (that water is of two kinds): مَـخْـلُوطٍ (mixed)   وَغَـيرِ مَـخْـلُوطٍ‮ ‬(and unmixed). فَـأَمَّا‮ ‬غَـيرُ مَـخْـلُوط (As for   unmixed)   فَهُوَ‮ ‬طُـهُورٌ (it is pure)  وَهُوَ‮ ‬الْـمَاء الـمُطْلَق (and it is valid water free from impurities); ‮ ‬يَـجُوزُ‮ ‬مِـنْهُ‮ ‬الْـوُضُـوءُ (wuḍuu’ can be performed with it), سَـوَاءً (equally whether) نَـزَلَ‮ ‬مِنَ‮ ‬السَّمَاء (it has fallen from the sky) أَوْ‮ ‬نَـبَعَ‮ ‬مِـنَ‮ ‬الأَرْضِ (or it has sprung out of the ground).

وَأَمَّا الْـمَـخْـلُوط (As for mixed water),‮ ‬إذَا تَـغَيَّرَ أَحَـدَ‮ ‬أَوْصَـفِهِ‮ ‬الثَّلاَثَـةِ (one of it’s three characteristics): لَـوْنِـهِ [it’s color] , أَوْ‮ ‬طَـعْمِهِ [it’s taste]  أَوْ‮ ‬رِيحِهِ [or it’s smell] has been altered) بِشَيْءٍ (by something).  وَهُوَ‮ ‬عَـلَى قِـسْمَيْـنِ‮ ‬(Mixed water  is of two kinds):

1) تَـارَةً (Sometimes), يَـخْتَلِطُ (water becomes mixed) بِـنَـجَسٍ (with an impure substance) and فَـيَـتَغَيَّرُ‮ ‬بِـهِ (the water becomes alters by the impure substance). فَـالْـمَاءُ‮ ‬نَـجَسٌ (Water that contains an impure substance) لاَ‮ ‬يَـصِحُّ‮ ‬مِـنْهُ‮ ‬الْـوُضُـوءُ (is not valid for wuḍuu’).  وَإِنْ‮ ‬لَـمْ‮ ‬يَـتَـغَيَّرْ‮ ‬بِهِ  (If the water has not been altered by the impure substance),  فَإِنْ‮ ‬كَانَ‮ ‬الْـمَاءُ‮ ‬قَـلِيلًا (but the water is a small amount),‮  ‬كُـرِهَ‮ ‬الْـوُضُـوءُ‮ ‬مِـنْهُ (the performance of wuḍuu’ with it is disliked). عَـلَى الْـمَشْهُورِ (This is in accord with what is well known in the madh-hab of Imām Mālik).

2)  وَتَـارَةً (Sometimes),‮ ‬يَـخْتَلِطُ (water becomes mixed) بِـالطَّاهِـرِ (with a pure substance) فَـيَـتَغَيَّرُ‮ ‬بِـهِ (and the water becomes alters by the pure substance). فَـإِنْ‮ ‬كَـانَ‮ ‬الطَّاهِـرُ‮ ‬ (If the pure substance is) ‮ ‬مَِـمَّا‮ ‬يُـمْكِنُ‮ ‬الاِحْـتِرَازُ‮ ‬مِـنْه (is a substance  that can be prevented from being mixed with the water), كَـالْـمَاءِ‮ ‬مَخْـلُوطٌ (like water which has been mixed)  بِـالزَّعْـفَرَان (with saffron), وَالْـوَرْد (rose), وَالْـعَجِين (dough)  وَأَشْـبَهُ‮ ‬ذَ^الِـكَ (and what is similar to these things),  فَهَـذا الْـمَاء (then this water) طَّاهِـرِ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬نَـفْسِهِ (is pure in its essence),  غَـيْرُ‮ ‬مُطَهَـرُ‮ ‬لِـغَيْرِهِ (but not a purifier for anything else).  فَيُسْـتَعْمَلُ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬الْـعَادَاتِ (It can be used for ordinary purposes) مِـن طَبْخٍ (such as cooking), وَعَـجْنٍ (making dough), وَشُرْبٍ (drinking) وَنَحْوِ‮ ‬ذَ^الِـكَ (and things of that nature). وَلاَ‮ ‬يُسْـتَعْمَلُ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬الْـعِبَادَاتِ (It can not be use for purposes of worship) وَلاَ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬وُضُـوءِ (nor for wuḍuu’)  وَلاَ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬غَـيْرِهِ‮ ‬(nor anything else in that category).

وَإِنْ‮ ‬كَـانَ‮ ‬بِـمـا‮ ‬يُـمْكِنُ‮ ‬الاِحْـتِرَازُ‮ ‬مِـنْهُ (If the water can not be preserved from the pure substance being mixed with it), كَـالْـمَاءِ‮ ‬الْـمُتَغَيَّرِ  (like water that has been changed)  بِـالسَّبْخِ (by salt from the salt marsh),   أَوِ‮ ‬الْـحَـمَأَةِ (or mud),   أَوِ‮ ‬الْـجارِي‮ ‬عَـلَى مَعْدنِ‮ ‬زِرنِـيخٍ‮ ‬أَوْ‮ ‬كِـبْرِيتٍ (or the run off from a source where arsenic or sulfur originates) أَوْ‮ ‬نَـحْوُ‮ ‬ذَ^الِـكَ  (or what is similar to these things), فَهَـذا كُـلُّهُ‮ ‬طُـهُورٌ (this water in it’s entirety is pure) and يَـصِحُّ‮ ‬مِـنْهُ‮ ‬الْـوُضوءُ (the wuḍuu’ that is perform with it is valid). وَاللَّهُ‮ ‬أَعْلَمُ (Allah is the Best Knower).

The Chapter About نَوَاقِض الْوُضُوءِ (the Things That Nullify Wuḍuu’ [Minor Ablution]) from Matn Al Ashmaawiyyah

The Chapter About نَوَاقِض الْوُضُوءِ (the Things That Nullify Wuḍuu’ [Minor Ablution])

اعْـلَمْ (Know) – وَفََّـقَكَ‮ ‬اللَّهُ (May Allah, Exalted is He grant you success),أَنَّ نَـوَاقِـضَ‮ ‬الْـوُضُـوء (that the things which nullify wuḍuu’) عَـلَى قِـسْمَيْـنِ (are of two types): أَحْـدَاث (impurities) and وَأَسْـبابُ‮ ‬أحْـدَاث (that which causes impurities).

فَـأَمَّا أَحْـدَاث (As for impurities), فَخَـمْسَةٌ (they are five kinds): ثَـلاَثةٌ‮ ‬مِـنْ‮ ‬الْـقُبُلِ (three are from  the front of the body) وَهِـيَ (and they are): الْـمَذْيُ (prostatic fluid), وَالْـوَديُ (a thick white fluid which flows out immediately after urine)  وَالْـبَوْل (and urine); وَاثْـنَانِ (and two are) مِـنَ‮ ‬الدُّبْـر‮ ‬(from the rear of the body) وَهُمَا (and they are): الغَائِطُ (faeces)  وَالرِّيحُ (and gas) .

وَأَمَّا أَسبابُ‮ ‬الأَحْـدَاثِ (As for the causes of impurity), فَـالنَّوم (it is sleep),  وَهُوَ‮ ‬عَـلَى أَرْبَـعةِ‮ ‬أَقْـسَامٍ (which is of four kinds): طَـوِيل ثَـقِيل (long heavy sleep) which يَـنْقُضُ‮ ‬الْـوُضُـوءَ (nullifies wuḍuu’), قَـصِير ثَـقِِيل (short heavy sleep) which يَـنْقُضُ‮ ‬الْـوُضُـوءَ (nullifies wuḍuu’) also,  قَـصِير خَـفِيف (short light sleep) which  لَا‮ ‬يَـنْقُضُ‮ ‬الْـوُضُـوءَ‮ ‬(does not nullify wuḍuu’), and طَـوِيل خَفِيف (long light sleep) for which يَسْتَحَبُّ‮ ‬مِنْهُ‮ ‬الْوُضُوءُ (wuḍuu’ is recommended).

وَمِـنَ‮ ‬الأَسبَابُ (Among the other causes of impurity)  تَـنْـقُضُ (which nullify wuduu’) are: زَوَال الْـعَقْل (the loss of one’s senses)  بِـالْـجُنُون‮ ‬(through insanity), وَالإِغْـمَاء (unconsciousness), وَالسُّّكْر (drunkenness). وَيَـنْقُضُ‮ ‬الْـوُضُـوءَ (Wuḍuu’ is also nullified)  بِـالرِّدَّةِ (by apostasy from Islam) and وَشَـكّ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬الْـحَـدِث (doubt as to whether or not one is in a state of impurity); and by وَبِـمَـسِّ‮ ‬الذَّكْـرِ‮ ‬(continuously touching the penis) بِـبَاطِـنِ‮ ‬الْـكَفِّ (with the inside of the palm) or بِـبَاطِـنِ‮ ‬الأَصَابِعِ (by the inside of the fingers) or بِـجَـنْبَيْهِمَا (by the sides of the palms and the finger),  وَلَوْ‮ ‬بِـأَصْـبُعِ‮ ‬زَائِـدِ (although a single finger can be enough) إِنْ‮ ‬حَـسَّ‮ ‬وَبِاللَّمْسِ (if it touches the penis).

وَهُـوَ‮ ‬عَـلَى أَرْبَـعَةِ‮ ‬أَقْـسَامٍ (Touching involve four situations): (1)  إِنْ‮ ‬قَـصَدَ‮ ‬اللَّذَّةَ (when one sets out to derive pleasure) وَوَجَـدَهَـا (and finds it), فَـعَلَيْهِ‮ ‬الْوُضُوءُ (he should perform wuḍuu’); (2)  وَإِنْ‮ ‬وَجَـدَهَـا (if one finds pleasure), وَلَـمْ‮ ‬يَـقَْـصِدْهَا (but it was not his original intention to derive it), فَـعَلَيْهِ‮ ‬الْـوُضُـوءُ (he should perform wuḍuu’);  (3)  وَإِنْ‮ ‬قََـصَدَهَـا (if he set out to derive pleasure), وَلَـمْ‮ ‬يَجِـدْهَـا (but he did not find it), فَـعَلَيْهِ‮ ‬الْـوُضُـوءُ (he should perform wuḍuu’); (4) وَإِنْ‮ ‬لَـمْ‮ ‬يَـقَْـصِدْ‮ ‬اللَّذَّةَ (if he did not set out to derive pleasure) وَلَـمْ‮ ‬يَجِـدْهَـا (and he did not receive any pleasure), فَـلاَ‮ ‬وُضُـوءَ عَـلَيْهِ‮ ‬ (he need not perform wuḍuu’);

وَلاَ‮ ‬يُـنْتَقِضُ‮ ‬الْـوُضُـوءُ (Wuḍuu’ does not become nullified) بِـمَـسِّ‮ ‬الدُّبْرِ (by touching the rear end of the body),  وَلاَ‮ ‬أُنْـثَيَيْـن (nor the testicles) ,  وَلاَ‮ ‬فَـرْج صَـغِيرَة (nor the opening of the vagina of a small girl),  وَلاَ‮ ‬قَـيْء (nor vomiting) , وَلاَ‮ ‬بِـأَكْـلِ‮ ‬لَـحْـمِ‮ ‬جَـزُور (nor by eating camel meat) ,  وَلاَ‮ ‬حِـجَامَـة (nor cupping),  وَلاَ‮ ‬قَـصْد (nor a venesection),  وَلاَ‮ ‬قَـهْقَهَة فِـي‮ ‬الصّلاَة‮ ‬(nor laughing in prayer),  وَلاَ‮ ‬بِـمَـسِّ‮ ‬امْـرَأةِ‮ ‬فَـرْجَـهَا‮ ‬ (nor a woman touching her vagina). وَقِـيلَ (It  is  said),  إِنْ‮ ‬أَلْـطَفَتْ (if the vagina is fondled), فَـعَلَيْهَا الْـوُضُـوءُ (she should perform wuḍuu’), وَاللَّهُ‮ ‬أَعْـلَمُ (Allah is the Best Knower).